This comparative reading library presents translations of the biblical books preserved in Jewish and Christian traditions. In Islamic belief, the Tawrat, Zabur and Injil are revelations associated with Musa, Dawud and Isa. The extant collections shown here are identified by their actual editions; they are not presented as a verified reconstruction of the originally revealed texts. The Arabic and Urdu texts here are translations, not the original language of these biblical books.
Text editions and reading notes
Arabic: Van Dyck Bible (public domain). English: World English Bible (public domain). Urdu: Biblica® Open Urdu Contemporary Version™. Copyright © 1999, 2005, 2022, 2024 by Biblica, Inc. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0. The Urdu text and this reader’s contributions to its presentation are available under that license. No translation wording has been rewritten.