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مکتب — علم · بصیرت · مکالمہ

Khulafa — The Early Caliphs

The first four caliphs are conventionally grouped as the Rashidun in Sunni historical terminology. The chronology of government and the religious question of rightful succession are distinct. Read this index alongside the Ahlul Bayt and schools collections.

Abu Bakr al-Siddiq

Early companion and first caliph, 632–634 CE.

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Umar ibn al-Khattab

Second caliph, 634–644 CE.

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Uthman ibn Affan

Third caliph, 644–656 CE.

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Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib

Fourth caliph, 656–661 CE; first Imam in Shia tradition.

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Historical context and sources

Schools and traditions

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